The U.S. Air Force and the Air Force Reserve form a
complementary and essential part of the military forces today. As the Air Force
and Air Force Reserve modernize and evolve to meet current threats and
challenges, their general roles have not changed.
History
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The Air Force was created in
1948 from the U.S. Army Air Corps. In 1949, the Air Force Reserves were created
to supplement the new Air Force. The Air Force was created to project air power
in theaters of war and to protect U.S. airspace. The Air Force
Reserves were originally intended to be a backup force for the active-duty Air
Force. In the late 1990s, the Air Force Reserves began performing more of the
active-duty Air Force's missions as part of the evolution of U.S. military
structure.
Organization
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There were 368,000 active-duty
and reservist members of the Air Force in 2003, according to the U.S. Census.
Of those, 67,500 are members of the Air Force Reserves. Technically, the Air
Force Reserve is one of the 10 major commands within the Air Force. Each major
command is composed of a number of Air Forces, wings, groups, squadrons and
flights in descending order. Each major command has a specific responsibility
and role to play within the U.S. Air Force.
Responsiblities of the Air Force
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The active-duty Air Force takes
on a variety of challenges that are unique to only the Air Force. The Air Force
is specifically responsible for strategic and tactical air power projected
overseas as part of the U.S.
national defense. Further, the Air Force is committed to providing for national
defense in space and in cyberspace.
Role of the Air Force Reserves
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The Air Force Reserves' primary
job is to support the Air Force in accomplishing its responsibilities. The Air
Force Reserve handles about a fifth of the work daily on U.S. Air Force bases
worldwide. The Air Force Reserves also are responsible for providing weather
observation, airlift services, firefighting aircraft and medical evacuation in
support of civilian and military personnel.
Differences
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The primary difference between
the Air Force and the Air Force Reserves is the commitment of the service
members. Members of the Air Force are active-duty airmen, and their position in
the Air Force is their primary job. Members of the Air Force Reserves are
usually part-time airmen. Air Force reservists are required to serve one
weekend a month and one two-week period each year.
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